2124 aluminum alloy
It is a variant of the 2024 alloy but with stricter control over impurities (e.g., iron and silicon) to enhance fracture toughness and fatigue resistance. Its properties make it ideal for critical structural components under high stress.
Descriptions
1. Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of 2124 aluminum alloy adheres to aerospace standards such as AMS 4137 and ASTM B247. Key elements are:
Element | Composition(% by Weight) |
Aluminum (Al) | Balance |
Copper (Cu) | 3.8–4.9 |
Magnesium (Mg) | 1.2–1.8 |
Manganese (Mn) | 0.3–0.9 |
Iron (Fe) | ≤ 0.12 |
Silicon (Si) | ≤ 0.10 |
Zinc (Zn) | ≤ 0.25 |
Chromium (Cr) | ≤ 0.01 |
Titanium (Ti) | ≤ 0.15 |
Others (each/total) | ≤ 0.05 / ≤ 0.15 |
2. Mechanical Properties
2124 forgings are typically heat-treated to T851 temper (solution heat-treated, stress-relieved, and artificially aged). Key properties include:
Property | T851 Temper |
Tensile Strength (MPa) | 455–485 |
Yield Strength (MPa) | 400–430 |
Elongation (% in 50 mm) | 6–10 |
Modulus of Elasticity (GPa) | 72 |
Hardness (Brinell HB) | 125–140 |
Fatigue Strength (MPa) | 150–170 (10⁷ cycles) |
Fracture Toughness (MPa√m) | 25–30 |
3. Common Forging Product
Aircraft: Spars, ribs, actuator fittings.
Defense: Armor plates, missile casings.
Industrial: High-pressure valve bodies, gearbox housings.
Space: Launch vehicle brackets, payload adapters.
4. Industry standards
Standard | Scope |
AMS 4137 | Aluminum alloy 2124 forgings (aerospace). |
ASTM B247 | Die forgings (dimensional tolerances). |
AMS 2772 | Heat treatment guidelines (T851 temper). |
MIL-A-22771 | Military-grade forgings (NDT requirements). |
ASTM E8/E8M | Tensile testing (strength/elongation). |
ASTM E399 | Fracture toughness testing. |
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Applications
Wing skins, fuselage frames, bulkheads.
Heavy-duty hydraulic cylinders, landing gear components.
Rocket fuel tanks, satellite structural parts.
